New Jersey has recently been abuzz with reports of large drones, akin to small cars in size, soaring through the night skies. Locals have been left puzzled and intrigued by these mysterious aerial visitors, with officials struggling to determine whether these sightings are indeed drones or perhaps a case of misidentification with regular aircraft.
Regardless of the nature of the New Jersey phenomena, it is undeniable that large drones are a reality and possess a vast array of potential uses for enthusiasts, commercial entities, and military applications, as explained by unmanned aerial vehicle specialists. Ryan Wallace, an associate professor of aeronautical engineering at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, emphasized the expansive utility of these devices, stating, "The applications are nearly boundless."
Law enforcement, including the FBI, continues to investigate the nature and origin of the reported drones in New Jersey—whether they are genuine drones or simply misperceived conventional aircraft on routine flights. "We have been receiving reports from both the public and law enforcement for several weeks," stated the FBI field office in Newark on December 3rd. Residents have described drones flying in groups, particularly over Morris and Somerset counties, which are part of the New York metropolitan area. However, these sightings are not limited to the general public; the US Coast Guard, a component of the Department of Homeland Security, has also reported encounters with the drones.
The Department of Homeland Security and White House national security spokesperson John Kirby have suggested that many of the reported sightings are likely "manned aircraft" operating legally. Experts have also weighed in, asserting that the objects in the "sighting" videos they reviewed appeared to be airplanes. The White House has further clarified that there is "no evidence at this time" to suggest that these enigmatic sightings pose a national security or public safety threat, nor do they seem to have any foreign connection.
Nevertheless, the lack of definitive answers has left New Jersey residents feeling frustrated and in the dark. One resident described the unusual maneuvers of the objects: "You see red and green, like, flashing lights on the corners. It’ll just change direction, like, go from 90 to, like, 270 degrees, just fly in different directions," which is not typical behavior for airplanes. New Jersey Governor Phil Murphy has also expressed his concerns and is seeking more information from the federal government. In a public statement, he mentioned his conversation with US Homeland Security Advisor Liz Sherwood-Randall to discuss his concerns over the federal response to these incidents.
Most people are acquainted with the smaller drones used by hobbyists for photography. In theory, enthusiasts could also acquire or construct larger drones. Pramod Abichandani, director of the Advanced Air Mobility Laboratory at the New Jersey Institute of Technology, explained the lightweight nature of drone wings, stating, "The wings are not something that add a lot of bulk in terms of the mass of the drone, they’re actually the lightest parts of the drone." Even multi-rotor drones, such as quadcopters, have extensions that are essentially carbon fiber rods, which are super lightweight.
Weight is a critical factor because drones exceeding 55 pounds require special and less common approval from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to operate, according to William Austin, president of Warren Community College in New Jersey, who has researched unmanned aircraft and initiated the college's drone program. Hobbyists would also need to invest a significant amount of money in such large drones, which can cost tens of thousands of dollars, as experts point out that.
More frequently, large drones are employed for commercial or military purposes. They can be utilized in agriculture for surveying or spraying fields, or for infrastructure assessments to evaluate the condition of roads and buildings, as well as for mapping purposes. However, for these applications, the drones would likely need to be in operation during the day, not at night when the New Jersey sightings have occurred.
Some law enforcement agencies have begun to incorporate drones into their search and rescue efforts, although they do not necessarily require extra-large drones for these operations. Larger, heavier drones have also been used for commercial transportation, such as deliveries. "It’s not super common, but it’s not unheard of, either," Wallace remarked.
The military can deploy large drones equipped with an array of sensors, ranging from high-powered traditional cameras to infrared sensors, for surveillance purposes. In the coming years, Americans might witness even larger and more powerful drones in the skies, as suggested by Austin, like those manufactured by the Chinese company EHang for transporting people. However, for the time being, such sightings are unlikely in the US due to the rigorous FAA approval process. "There are so few people who would have those kinds of credentials that the FAA would pretty quickly know who was flying a drone of that type around the national airspace," Austin concluded.
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